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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bibliotekovedenie</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Библиотековедение</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science]</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-608X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-7372</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State Library</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25281/0869-608X-2020-69-1-73-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bibliotekovedenie-1566</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ КОНТЕНТ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL CONTENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Программы сохранения национального книжного наследия в библиотечной политике Китайской Народной Республики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Programs for Preservation of the National Book Heritage in the Library Policy of the People’s Republic of China</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7374-7012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барышева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barysheva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Центр по исследованию проблем развития библиотек в информационном обществе, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Воздвиженка ул., д. 3/5, Москва, 119019, Россия</p><p>ORCID 0000-0002-7374-7012; SPIN 8934-1590</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3/5 Vozdvizhenka Str., Moscow, 119019, Russia</p><p>ORCID 0000-0002-7374-7012; SPIN 8934-1590</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina-barysheva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская государственная библиотека</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Library</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барышева Е.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барышева Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barysheva E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru"><license-p>© 2026 ФГБУ "Российская государственная библиотека". Все права защищены. Воспроизведение без письменного разрешения запрещено.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en"><license-p>© 2026 Russian State Library. All rights reserved. Reproduction without written permission is prohibited.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://bibliotekovedenie.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/1566">https://bibliotekovedenie.rsl.ru/jour/article/view/1566</self-uri><abstract><p>Реферат. Цель статьи — обобщить информацию о состоянии фондов книжных памятников в библиотечных учреждениях Китайской Народной Республики (КНР) к началу XXI в.; рассмотреть содержание и ход реализации государственных программ в области учета, каталогизации, консервации, реставрации, сохранения и пропаганды памятников национального книжного наследия. Даются определения используемых в КНР терминов «древние книги» и «редкие книги». К древним книгам принято относить все книги, написанные или напечатанные до 1912 г.; к редким книгам причисляются все книги, датируемые периодом до 1795 г., издания, вышедшие в 1796—1912 гг., имеющие выдающуюся историческую, культурную, художественно-эстетическую ценность, а также издательская продукция и документы периода Китайской Республики (1912—1949). Часто в китайских публикациях употребляется еще один термин — «редкие древние книги», который обозначает все рукописные и печатные издания, увидевшие свет до 1795 года. В библиотеках страны находится около 27 млн 175 тыс. экз. древних книг, в том числе 2,5 млн книг, созданных до 1795 г., около 45 тыс. древних книг сохранилось в единственном экземпляре.</p><p>Основное внимание в статье обращается на программы, разработанные при участии Национальной библиотеки Китая (НБК) и утвержденные правительством КНР в 2007—2018 годах. Раскрываются основные положения Национального плана сохранения древних китайских книг (2007), а также полномочия и задачи Национального центра сохранения и консервации древних китайских книг (НЦ), ставшего головным учреждением, отвечающим за реализацию этого плана. Характеризуется сложившаяся в настоящее время в КНР система региональных и местных центров консервации и реставрации книжных памятников во главе с НЦ. Показана их роль в области выявления, учета и каталогизации раритетов, в создании и поддержании нормативного режима хранения в старых зданиях библиотек, обеспечении деятельности реставрационных мастерских, оцифровке документов, подготовке и онлайн-публикации полнотекстовых баз данных уникальных изданий. Подчеркивается значение Национального музея классической книги, открытого в июле 2014 г. в НБК, для пропаганды национального книжного наследия. Отмечается, что приоритетной задачей на ближайшие годы является строительство трех новых корпусов Национального книжного хранилища в Пекине и Чэндэ (провинция Хэбэй). Делается вывод о том, что в течение последних 10 лет благодаря государственной поддержке и целевому финансированию в КНР удалось организовать системную деятельность по сохранению и пропаганде национального книжного наследия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the article is to summarize the information on the state of collections of ancient and rare books in the library institutions of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) by the beginning of the 21st century, to consider the content and the course of implementation of the state programs of the PRC in the field of registration, cataloguing, conservation, restoration, preservation and promotion of the national book heritage monuments. The author presents definitions of the terms “Ancient books” and “Rare books” used in China. All manuscript books and printed publications created before 1912 are considered Ancient books. Rare books include all books dated back to the period before 1795 and editions published in 1796—1912 that have outstanding historical, cultural, art and aesthetic value, as well as publishing products and documents from the period of the Republic of China (1912—1949). Chinese publications often use the term “Rare ancient books”, which refers to all manuscript books and printed publications before 1795. There are about 27 million 175 thousand copies of ancient books in the country’s libraries, including 2,5 million books created before 1795; and about 45 thousand ancient books have been preserved in a single copy.</p><p>The article focuses on the programs developed with the participation of the National Library of China (NLC) and approved by the PRC Government in 2007—2018. The author reveals the main provisions of the “National Plan for Preservation of Ancient Books” (2007), as well as the powers and tasks of the National Centre for Conservation and Preservation of Ancient Chinese Books (NC), which has become the lead agency responsible for the implementation of the Plan. The paper considers the system of regional and local centres for the conservation and restoration of ancient and rare books, headed by the NC, that has developed in the PRC at present, shows the role of these centres in the field of identification, registration and cataloguing of book heritage monuments, in the creation and maintenance of a normative storage regime in old library buildings, ensuring the activities of restoration workshops, digitization of documents, preparation and online publication of full-text databases of ancient and rare books. The article emphasizes the importance of the National Museum of Classical Books, opened in July 2014 at the NLC, for promoting the national book heritage.</p><p>The author notes that the priority task for the coming years is the construction of three new buildings of the National Book Depository in Beijing and Chéngdé (Hebei Province). The article concludes that over the past ten years, owing to the government support and targeted funding, China has managed to organize systematic activities in the field of conservation, preservation and promotion of the national book heritage.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>организация библиотечного дела</kwd><kwd>национальные библиотеки</kwd><kwd>региональные публичные библиотеки</kwd><kwd>сохранение книжного наследия</kwd><kwd>библиотечные фонды</kwd><kwd>культурное наследие</kwd><kwd>книжные памятники</kwd><kwd>библиотечная политика Китая</kwd><kwd>Национальная библиотека Китая</kwd><kwd>Национальный центр сохранения и консервации древних китайских книг</kwd><kwd>консервация</kwd><kwd>реставрация</kwd><kwd>организация хранения библиотечных фондов</kwd><kwd>библиотечные здания и помещения</kwd><kwd>цифровые коллекции</kwd><kwd>пропаганда китайского культурного наследия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>organization of librarianship</kwd><kwd>national libraries</kwd><kwd>regional public libraries</kwd><kwd>preservation of book heritage</kwd><kwd>library collections</kwd><kwd>cultural heritage</kwd><kwd>ancient and rare books</kwd><kwd>library policy of China</kwd><kwd>National Library of China</kwd><kwd>National Centre for Conservation and Preservation of Ancient Chinese Books</kwd><kwd>conservation</kwd><kwd>restoration</kwd><kwd>organization of storage of library collections</kwd><kwd>library buildings and premises</kwd><kwd>digital collections</kwd><kwd>promotion of Chinese cultural heritage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Китайская мечта: что она означает для Китая и для всего мира / под ред. 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