Typology as Theoretical and Practical Problem of Library Science

The article is devoted to the problem of development of typology in library science. There are presented the basic meanings of the “type” concept. There exist two approaches to its understanding: practical (pragmatic, ontological) that is often used in everyday life, and scientific (theoretical, logical), more legitimate in professional practice and science. In library science “classification” and “typology” concepts are used in parallel, sometimes considered to be equivalent synonyms, but there is a substantial difference between them. There is analyzed and presented in a table correlation between “typology” and “classification” concepts. There is discussed the development of problem of library typology in the national and foreign library science. There are presented parameters of library activities proposed by the library scientists to be the type forming criteria. Development of electronic libraries, that has become commonplace today, led to the problem of finding place for them in typological schemes or creating their own typology. There are highlighted two key parameters (criteria of classification): sphere of servicing, maintained social activities and area of interaction with the user. It is justified importance of the development of the problem of library typo-logy for the theory and practice of librarianship. Development of criteria for grouping and structuring the libraries will help the orientation in library and information space, improvement of the requirements and approaches to the management of library institutions, training of experts in different library and information areas.

Typology, Library, Methodology, Management

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