Psychological Problems of Reading of Troubled Teenagers and Compensatory Features of Interactive Document in their Solution

The problem of reader’s indifference of troubled teenagers hinders the development of cultural society; therefore, library-information institutions of the Russian Federation organize reading for this social community. However, library practices have low efficiency due to the lack of scientific knowledge about reader’s motives and informational needs of difficult teenagers, as well as special methods for developing their reading. To develop scientific methods for correcting the reading of difficult adolescents, taking into account their psycho-physiological features, the authors conducted the applied study based on the knowledge of the psychology of reading. The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of research aimed at studying the reader characteristics of socially troubled teenager and the method of organizing the reading in libraries. As a result, the authors revealed that the weakness of the emotional-volitional sphere, the involuntary attention, the inability to perceive and retain a large number of printed characters in consciousness is the basis of the reader’s failure of difficult adolescents. From this circumstance arose the question of using stimulating components in the reading process. Understanding the psychological features of the perception of text by troubled teenagers has allowed to assume that characteristics of the interactive document are the most suitable for them as external stimulus of reading. The data obtained in the psychological-pedagogical experiment indicated that interactive document compensates for the inadequate associative determinants of difficult teenager in the perception of printed documents, promotes visualization of literary images, which, in turn, contributes to the formation of motivational attitudes to reading and satisfies the information need. The authors consider the specific feature of interactive documents, which allows presenting the material in a more accessible perception. Reading of interactive documents can serve as a new effective method of the library work to meet the information needs of this social group, and it will expand the organization of reading of troubled teenagers.

troubled teenagers, information need, interactive document, organization of reading, reading and work with book, information culture of a person

1. Kontseptsiya programmy podderzhki detskogo i yunosheskogo chteniya v Rossiiskoi Federatsii [The Concept of the Program to Support Children and Youth Reading in the Russian Federation]. Moscow, 2016, 23 p.

2. Nagimova L. Working with Difficult Teenagers Is One of the Most Important Tasks of Children’s Libraries, Bashinform.ru: information agency. Available at: http://www.bashinform.ru/news/203490-rimma-irdigitova-rabota-s-trudnymi-podrostkami-odna-ikh-vazhneyshikh-zadach-detskikh-bibliotek/ (accessed 12.02.2019) (in Russ.).

3. Rubtsova E.S., Penzina N.V. Working with Difficult Teenagers, Programma “Dostupnaya sreda”. Miass: Tsentral’naya gorodskaya biblioteka im. Yu.N. Libedinskogo [“Accessible Environment” Program. Miass: Yu.N. Libedinsky Central City Library], 2016, pp. 11—14 (in Russ.).

4. Kuznetsova V.K., Muradova E.P. Difficult Teenagers in Libraries, Neformal’naya biblioteka: problemy detei, okazavshikhsya v trudnoi zhiznennoi situatsii, i uchastie bibliotek v ikh reshenii [Informal Library: Problems of the Children in Difficult Life Situations, and Participation of Libraries in their Solution]. Khanty-Mansiysk, Gosudarstvennaya Biblioteka Yugry Publ., 2016, pp. 88—92 (in Russ.).

5. Drozdova O.V. Difficult Teenagers — Easy Readers, Zapadnaya Sibir’: istoriya i sovremennost’: kraevedch. zapiski [Western Siberia: History and Modernity: local lore notes]. Nizhnevartovsk, IP Khalilova E.V. Publ., 2017, issue 14, pp. 196—204 (in Russ.).

6. Stepanov V.G. Psikhologiya trudnykh shkol’nikov: ucheb. posobie dlya uchitelei i roditelei [Psychology of Difficult Schoolchildren: manual for teachers and parents]. Moscow, “Akademiya” Publ., 2001, 177 p.

7. Gilinsky Ya.I., Afanasyev V.S. Sotsiologiya deviantnogo (otklonyayushchegosya) povedeniya: ucheb. posobie [Sociology of Deviant Behavior: manual]. St. Petersburg, Filial Instituta Sotsiologii RAN Publ., 1993, 167 p.

8. Shaposhnikov A.E. Librarians and Readers: Aspects of Communication, Bibliotekovedenie [Library and Information Science (Russia)], 2001, no. 1, pp. 59—62 (in Russ.).

9. Sedyakin V.P. On the Theory of Information Needs, Prikladnaya informatika [Applied Informatics], 2013, no. 3 (45), pp. 127—133 (in Russ.).

10. Sokolov A.V. Obshchaya teoriya sotsial’noi kommunikatsii: ucheb. posobie [General Theory of Social Communication: manual]. St. Petersburg, Mikhailova V.A. Publ., 2002, 461 p.

11. Mironova E.E. (ed.) Sbornik psikhologicheskikh testov. Ch. II: posobie [Collection of Psychological Tests. Part II: manual]. Minsk, Zhenskii Institut ENVILA Publ., 2006, 146 p.

12. Psikhologicheskie testy: testy [Psychological Tests: tests]. Moscow, Eksmo Publ., 2003, 608 p.

13. Ilyin E.P. Motivatsiya i motivy: ucheb. posobie [Motivation and Motives: manual]. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2011, 508 p.

14. Maslow A.H. Motivation and Personality. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2018, 399 p. (in Russ.).

15. Nikolaev V.G., Efremenko D.V. (eds). Interaktsionizm v amerikanskoi sotsiologii i sotsial’noi psikhologii pervoi poloviny XX veka: sb. perevodov [Interactionism in the American Sociology and Social Psychology of the First Half of the 20th Century: collected translations]. Moscow, 2010, 322 p.

16. Alekseev E.S., Myachev A.A. Anglo-russkii tolkovyi slovar’ po sistemotekhnike EVM: dlya pol’zovatelei PEVM [English-Russian Dictionary of Computer Systems Engineering: for PC users]. Moscow, Finansy i Statistika Publ., 1993, 256 p.

17. Polyakova M. “Milestones” — Interactive Book: Stories and Personalities. Features of the Direction in the Context of Book Art, Concepture.club. Available at: http://concepture.club/post/rubrika_2021/interaktivnaja-kniga-istorija-i-personalii-osobennosti-napravlenija-v-kontekste-iskusstva-knigi (accessed 12.02.2019) (in Russ.).

18. Andreeva G.M. Sotsial’naya psikhologiya: uchebnik dlya vyssh. ucheb. zavedenii [Social Psychology: textbook for higher educational institutions]. Moscow, Aspekt Press Publ., 2014, 363 p.

19. Barkanova O.V. (ed.) H. Eysenck’s Methods of Mental States Assessment, Metodiki diagnostiki emotsional’noi sfery: psikholog. praktikum [Methods of Diagnosis of the Emotional Sphere: psychological workshop]. Krasnoyarsk, Litera-Print Publ., 2009, issue 2, 237 p. (in Russ.).

20. Badmaeva N.Ts. Metodika dlya diagnostiki uchebnoi motivatsii studentov: monografiya [Methodology for the Diagnosis of Students’ Learning Motivation: monograph]. Ulan-Ude, VSGTU Publ., 2004, pp. 151—154 (in Russ.).

21. Belyaeva L.I. Motives for Reading and Criteria for Evaluating Works of Fiction among Different Categories of Readers, Khudozhestvennoe vospriyatie: sb. st. [Artistic Perception: collected articles]. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1971, coll. 1, pp. 162—176 (in Russ.).

22. Zhluktenko A.A., Leontyev A.A. (eds). Psikholingvisticheskaya i lingvisticheskaya priroda teksta i osobennosti ego vospriyatiya [Psycholinguistic and Linguistic Nature of Text and its Perception Features]. Kiev, Vishcha Shkola Publ., 1979, 248 p.

23.