Library of the Tiflis Infantry Junker School (1866—1910)

One of the factors ensuring the security of the country is a high level of officer training, which is greatly assisted by purposefully staffed and well-organised libraries of military educational institutions. The use of historical experience of their structure and functioning can be useful today when compiling collections, developing regulatory and legal documentation governing their work, and providing services to readers. Due to the lack of studies on the history of the founding and functioning of libraries at infantry junker schools, this article presents for the first time the history of the founding and organizing of the fundamental library at the Tiflis infantry junker school on the basis of pre-revolutionary sources. The aim of the article is to reconstruct the history of the library of this military school. The following methods were used in the preparation of the article: chronological, source and comparative analysis. In order to achieve the goal, a wide representative source base was collected, including the Code of Military Decrees, catalogues of books and rules of libraries of junker schools, instructions, memos, as well as other pre-revolutionary publications. Regulatory legal documents that determined the procedure of acquisition and work of the libraries of all junker schools, as well as documents developed specifically for the Tiflis school were identified and analysed. Among them are the rules of issuing books to officers, teachers and students from the library and the rules of using the Junkers’ Reading Room, as well as the catalogue of books of the school’s library for 1908.

For the first time the list of educational clerks (inspectors of classes and their assistants) for 1869—1917 academic years, who according to the normative-legal documents were entrusted with the management of the fundamental library of the school, was compiled. The results show that the library of the Tiflis Infantry Junkers School was one of the best among similar libraries in terms of the number of books, book supply of juniors and special military literature, but inferior to them in terms of fiction. This study has broadened the understanding of the libraries of military schools and the history of military librarianship in general.

1. Bobrovsky P.O. Yunkerskie uchilishcha. Istoricheskoe obozrenie ikh razvitiya i deyatel’nosti [Junker Schools. Historical Review of Their Development and Activities]. St. Petersburg, Izdanie Knigoprodavtsa Ya.A. Isakova Publ., 1872, vol. 1, VIII, 263, IV p.

2. Bobrovsky P.O. Yunkerskie uchilishcha. Obuchenie i voinskoe vospitanie yunkerov [Junker Schools. Training and Military Education of Junkers]. St. Petersburg, Izdanie Knigoprodavtsa Ya.A. Isakova Publ., 1873, vol. 2, VIII, 614, LVI, II, IV, II p.

3. Antonov A. (ed.) Vilenskoe pekhotnoe yunkerskoe uchilishche 1864—1899 g. Kratkii istoricheskii ocherk [Vilenskaya Junker Infantry School 1864—1899. A Brief Historical Sketch]. Vilna, Tip. Shtaba Vilenskogo Voennogo Okruga Publ., 1900, IV, 77, 116 p.

4. Zhukovsky V.P. Voennoe obrazovanie v Rossii: preemstvennost’, opyt, traditsii [Military Education in Russia: Continuity, Experience, Traditions]. Saratov, Saratovskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet Publ., 1999, 256 p.

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9. Savinova T.N. Libraries and Reading in the Military Schools of Orenburg (the Middle of the 18th Century — 1918), Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science], 2017, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 77—86. DOI: 10.25281/0869-608X-2017-66-1-77-86 (in Russ.).

10. Panchenko A.M. Biblioteki voenno-uchebnykh zavedenii Rossii (XVIII — nachalo XX v.) [Libraries of Military Educational Institutions of Russia (18th — Early 20th Century]. Novosibirsk, GPNTB SO RAN Publ., 2012, 362 p.

11. On Junker Schools, Postanovleniya o voenno-uchebnykh zavedeniyakh. Svoda voennykh postanovlenii, izdaniya 1869 g., kniga pyatnadtsataya, s prilozheniem shtatov, tabelei, opisaniya form obmundirovaniya i uchebnykh programm voenno-uchebnykh zavedenii, a ravno postanovlenii ob onykh, vyshedshikh posle izdaniya XV knigi Svoda voennykh postanovlenii, shtatov i tabelei v pervoi polovine 1870 goda [Regulations on Military Educational Institutions. The Code of Military Decrees of 1869, Book 15, with an Appendix of Staffs, Schedules, Description of Uniforms and Curricula of Military Educational Institutions, as well as Regulations on Them, Adopted After the Publication of Book 15 of the Code of Military Decrees, Staffs and Schedules in the First Half of 1870]. St. Petersburg, Tip. Vtorogo Otdeleniya Sobstvennoi E. I. V. Kantselyarii Publ., 1871, X, 507 p.

12. On Junker Schools, Svod voennykh postanovlenii, izdaniya 1869 g. Ch. 4. Voennye zavedeniya. Kniga 15. Zavedeniya voenno-uchebnye [The Code of Military Decrees of 1869. Part 4. Military Institutions. Book 15. Military Educational Institutions]. St. Petersburg, Tip. Vtorogo Otdeleniya Sobstvennoi E. I. V. Kantselyarii Publ., 1870, vol. II, 406 p.

13. Junker Schools, Svod voennykh postanovlenii, izdaniya 1869 g. Ch. 4. Voennye zavedeniya. Kniga XV. Zavedeniya voenno-uchebnye. Izd. 2-e (Po 1-e yanvarya 1896 goda) [The Code of Military Decrees of 1869. Part 4. Military Institutions. Book 15. Military Educational Institutions. The 2nd Edition (on January 1, 1896)]. St. Petersburg, 1896, XI, 428 p.

14. On Junker Schools, Svod voennykh postanovlenii, izdaniya 1869 g. Kniga XV. Zavedeniya voenno-uchebnye. Izd. 3-e (po 1-e yanvarya 1907 goda) [The Code of Military Decrees of 1869. Book 15. Military Educational Institutions. The 3rd Edition (on January 1, 1907)]. St. Petersburg, Gosudarstvennaya Tip. Publ., 1907, 572 p.

15. On Junker Schools, Svod voennykh postanovlenii, izdaniya 1869 g. Kniga XV. Zavedeniya voenno-uchebnye. Izd. 4-e (po 1-e yanvarya 1914 goda) [The Code of Military Decrees of 1869. Book 15. Military Educational Institutions. The 4th Edition (on January 1, 1914)]. St. Petersburg, Gosudarstvennaya Tip. Publ., 1914, XVI, 672 p.

16. Instruction on Keeping Libraries of the Military Educational Institutions Under the Jurisdiction of Their Main Directorate, Pedagogicheskii sbornik [Pedagogical Collection], 1882, issue II (April — May — June), pp. 19—31 (in Russ.).

17. Instruktsiya po khozyaistvenno-administrativnoi chasti voenno-uchebnykh zavedenii, podvedomstvennykh Glavnomu ikh upravleniyu [Instruction on the Economic and Administrative Activities of Military Educational Institutions Under the Jurisdiction of Their Main Directorate]. St. Petersburg, Parovaya Skoropechatnya P.O. Yablonskogo Publ., 1895, VII, 403 p.

18. Instruktsiya po uchebnoi chasti dlya yunkerskikh uchilishch [Instruction for Junker Schools on Education Activity]. St. Petersburg, Tip. N.N. Klobukova Publ., 1901, 224 p.

19. Instruktsiya, opredelyayushchaya pravila voennogo vospitaniya i vnutrennego rasporyadka v yunkerskikh uchilishchakh [Instruction Defining Military Education Rules and Internal Regulations in Junker Schools]. St. Petersburg, Tip. N.N. Klobukova Publ., 1901, 51 p.

20. Sbornik shtatov voenno-sukhoputnogo vedomstva. Shtaty regulyarnykh voisk, upravlenii, uchrezhdenii i zavedenii voennogo vedomstva. Izd. 1869 goda [The Military and Ground Department Staff. The Staff of Regular Troops, Departments, Institutions and Establishments of the Military Department. Ed. 1869]. St. Petersburg, Pechatano v Voennoi Tip. (v Zdanii Glavnogo Shtaba) Publ., 1869, app. no. 99, Staff of Junker Schools, p. 4.

21. Normal’nyi katalog dlya sostavleniya bibliotek v yunkerskikh uchilishchakh. 1 otd. Rukovodstva i uchebnye posobiya. 2 otd. Biblioteka [Standard Catalogue for Libraries in Junker Schools. Section 1. Guides and Textbooks. Section 2. Library]. St. Petersburg, 1867. 31 p. (App. to “Pedagogical Collection”, 1867, no. 10—11).

22. List of Popular and Soldier Books, and Textbooks, Which Constituted a Special Section of Libraries in Junker Schools, Pedagogicheskii sbornik [Pedagogical Collection], 1871, no. VIII, pp. 1—16, no. IX, pp. 17—35 (in Russ.).

23. Bobrovsky P.O. Dvadtsatipyatiletie yunkerskikh uchilishch. (20-go sentyabrya 1864 po 1889 g.) [The Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of Junker Schools. (September 20, 1864 to 1889)]. St. Petersburg, Tip. Departamenta Udelov Publ., 1889, 43 p.

24. Pamyatka Tiflisskogo pekhotnogo yunkerskogo uchilishcha. 1864—1900 [Memo of the Tiflis Infantry Junker School. 1864—1900]. Tiflis, Tip. K.P. Kozlovskogo Publ., 1900, 47 p.

25. Katalog fundamental’noi biblioteki Tiflisskogo pekhotnogo yunkerskogo uchilishcha [Catalogue of the Fundamental Library of the Tiflis Infantry Junker School]. Tiflis, Tip. K.P. Kozlovskogo Publ., 1908, 132 p.

26. Instruktsiya po soderzhaniyu bibliotek voenno-uchebnykh zavedenii, podvedomstvennykh Glavnomu ikh upravleniyu [Instruction on Keeping of Libraries of the Military Educational Institutions Under the Jurisdiction of Their Main Directorate]. St. Petersburg, Tip. i Litografiya V.A. Tikhanova Publ., 1905, 14 p.

27. Katalog knig biblioteki Chuguevskogo pekhotnogo yunkerskogo uchilishcha: sostavlen k 1-mu noyabrya 1909 g. [Book Catalogue of the Library of the Chuguev Infantry Junker School: Compiled by November 1, 1909]. Kharkov, Tip. i Litografiya N.V. Petrova Publ., 1909, 166 p.

28. Katalog knig biblioteki Kazanskogo pekhotnogo yunkerskogo uchilishcha. Ispravlen po 1-e yanvarya 1890 goda [Library Book Catalogue of the Kazan Infantry Junker School. Corrected to January 1, 1890]. Kazan, Tip. Imperatorskogo Universiteta Publ., 1889, 403 p.

29. Mudrolyubov M. Katalog biblioteki Kazanskogo voennogo uchilishcha [Library Catalogue of the Kazan Military School]. Kazan, Tipo-Litografiya M.A. Semenova Publ., 1913, 464 p.

30. Katalog biblioteki Vilenskogo pekhotnogo yunkerskogo uchilishcha [Library Catalogue of the Vilenskaya Junker Infantry School]. Vilna, Tip. Shtaba Vilenskogo Voennogo Okruga Publ., 1898, 128 p.

31. Lavrov A.N. Kratkoe opisanie boevoi zhizni i deyatel’nosti 77-go pekhotnogo Tenginskogo Ego Imperatorskogo Vysochestva velikogo knyazya Alekseya Aleksandrovicha polka. 1700—1900. Po materialam, sobrannym togo zhe polka poruchikami D.V. Rakovichem i Tyshetskim, a takzhe samim avtorom [A Brief Description of the Combat Life and Activities of the 77th Tengin Infantry Regiment of His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Alexey Alexandrovich. 1700—1900. Based on Materials Collected by Lieutenants D.V. Rakovich and Tyshetsky of the Same Regiment, as well as by the Author Himself]. Tiflis, Tip. Kantselyarii Glavnonachal’stvuyushchego Grazhdanskoi Chast’yu na Kavkaze Publ., 1900, 150 p.

32. Instruktsiya dlya rukovodstva yunkeram Tiflisskogo pekhotnogo yunkerskogo uchilishcha [Instruction for Junkers of the Tiflis Infantry Junker School]. Tiflis, 1906, VI, 183 p.

33. Instruktsiya yunkeram Tiflisskogo velikogo knyazya Mikhaila Nikolaevicha voennogo uchilishcha [Instruction for Junkers of the Tiflis Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolaevich Military School]. Tiflis, Tipo-Litografiya i Perepletnaya T-va “Liberman i Kº” Publ., 1912, VII, 170 p.

34. Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie tret’e, vol. XXX. 1910. Otdelenie I. Ot no. 32883-34628 i dopolneniya [Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 3, vol. 30. 1910. Section 1, from no 32883-34628 and Additions]. St. Petersburg, 1913.